# hearts.py

from collections import Counter
import random
import sys
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union
from typing import overload


class Card:
    SUITS = "♠ ♡ ♢ ♣".split()
    RANKS = "2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J Q K A".split()

    def __init__(self, suit: str, rank: str) -> None:
        self.suit = suit
        self.rank = rank

    @property
    def value(self) -> int:
        """The value of a card is rank as a number"""
        return self.RANKS.index(self.rank)

    @property
    def points(self) -> int:
        """Points this card is worth"""
        if self.suit == "♠" and self.rank == "Q":
            return 13
        if self.suit == "♡":
            return 1
        return 0

    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> Any:
        return self.suit == other.suit and self.rank == other.rank

    def __lt__(self, other: Any) -> Any:
        return self.value < other.value

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.suit}{self.rank}"


class Deck(Sequence[Card]):
    def __init__(self, cards: List[Card]) -> None:
        self.cards = cards

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, shuffle: bool = False) -> "Deck":
        """Create a new deck of 52 cards"""
        cards = [Card(s, r) for r in Card.RANKS for s in Card.SUITS]
        if shuffle:
            random.shuffle(cards)
        return cls(cards)

    def play(self, card: Card) -> None:
        """Play one card by removing it from the deck"""
        self.cards.remove(card)

    def deal(self, num_hands: int) -> Tuple["Deck", ...]:
        """Deal the cards in the deck into a number of hands"""
        return tuple(self[i::num_hands] for i in range(num_hands))

    def add_cards(self, cards: List[Card]) -> None:
        """Add a list of cards to the deck"""
        self.cards += cards

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self.cards)

    @overload
    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> Card:
        ...

    @overload
    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> "Deck":  # noqa
        ...

    def __getitem__(  # noqa
        self, key: Union[int, slice]
    ) -> Union[Card, "Deck"]:
        if isinstance(key, int):
            return self.cards[key]
        elif isinstance(key, slice):
            cls = self.__class__
            return cls(self.cards[key])
        else:
            raise TypeError("Indices must be integers or slices")

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return " ".join(repr(c) for c in self.cards)


class Player:
    def __init__(self, name: str, hand: Optional[Deck] = None) -> None:
        self.name = name
        self.hand = Deck([]) if hand is None else hand

    def playable_cards(self, played: List[Card], hearts_broken: bool) -> Deck:
        """List which cards in hand are playable this round"""
        if Card("♣", "2") in self.hand:
            return Deck([Card("♣", "2")])

        lead = played[0].suit if played else None
        playable = Deck([c for c in self.hand if c.suit == lead]) or self.hand
        if lead is None and not hearts_broken:
            playable = Deck([c for c in playable if c.suit != "♡"])
        return playable or Deck(self.hand.cards)

    def non_winning_cards(self, played: List[Card], playable: Deck) -> Deck:
        """List playable cards that are guaranteed to not win the trick"""
        if not played:
            return Deck([])

        lead = played[0].suit
        best_card = max(c for c in played if c.suit == lead)
        return Deck([c for c in playable if c < best_card or c.suit != lead])

    def play_card(self, played: List[Card], hearts_broken: bool) -> Card:
        """Play a card from a cpu player's hand"""
        playable = self.playable_cards(played, hearts_broken)
        non_winning = self.non_winning_cards(played, playable)

        # Strategy
        if non_winning:
            # Highest card not winning the trick, prefer points
            card = max(non_winning, key=lambda c: (c.points, c.value))
        elif len(played) < 3:
            # Lowest card maybe winning, avoid points
            card = min(playable, key=lambda c: (c.points, c.value))
        else:
            # Highest card guaranteed winning, avoid points
            card = max(playable, key=lambda c: (-c.points, c.value))
        self.hand.cards.remove(card)
        print(f"{self.name} -> {card}")
        return card

    def has_card(self, card: Card) -> bool:
        return card in self.hand

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.name!r}, {self.hand})"


class HumanPlayer(Player):
    def play_card(self, played: List[Card], hearts_broken: bool) -> Card:
        """Play a card from a human player's hand"""
        playable = sorted(self.playable_cards(played, hearts_broken))
        p_str = "  ".join(f"{n}: {c}" for n, c in enumerate(playable))
        np_str = " ".join(repr(c) for c in self.hand if c not in playable)
        print(f"  {p_str}  (Rest: {np_str})")
        while True:
            try:
                card_num = int(input(f"  {self.name}, choose card: "))
                card = playable[card_num]
            except (ValueError, IndexError):
                pass
            else:
                break
        self.hand.play(card)
        print(f"{self.name} => {card}")
        return card


class HeartsGame:
    def __init__(self, *names: str) -> None:
        self.names = (list(names) + "P1 P2 P3 P4".split())[:4]
        self.players = [Player(n) for n in self.names[1:]]
        self.players.append(HumanPlayer(self.names[0]))

    def play(self) -> None:
        """Play a game of Hearts until one player go bust"""
        score = Counter({n: 0 for n in self.names})
        while all(s < 100 for s in score.values()):
            print("\nStarting new round:")
            round_score = self.play_round()
            score.update(Counter(round_score))
            print("Scores:")
            for name, total_score in score.most_common(4):
                print(f"{name:<15} {round_score[name]:>3} {total_score:>3}")

        winners = [n for n in self.names if score[n] == min(score.values())]
        print(f"\n{' and '.join(winners)} won the game")

    def play_round(self) -> Dict[str, int]:
        """Play a round of the Hearts card game"""
        deck = Deck.create(shuffle=True)
        for player, hand in zip(self.players, deck.deal(4)):
            player.hand.add_cards(hand.cards)
        start_player = next(
            p for p in self.players if p.has_card(Card("♣", "2"))
        )
        tricks = {p.name: Deck([]) for p in self.players}
        hearts = False

        # Play cards from each player's hand until empty
        while start_player.hand:
            played: List[Card] = []
            turn_order = self.player_order(start=start_player)
            for player in turn_order:
                card = player.play_card(played, hearts_broken=hearts)
                played.append(card)
            start_player = self.trick_winner(played, turn_order)
            tricks[start_player.name].add_cards(played)
            print(f"{start_player.name} wins the trick\n")
            hearts = hearts or any(c.suit == "♡" for c in played)
        return self.count_points(tricks)

    def player_order(self, start: Optional[Player] = None) -> List[Player]:
        """Rotate player order so that start goes first"""
        if start is None:
            start = random.choice(self.players)
        start_idx = self.players.index(start)
        return self.players[start_idx:] + self.players[:start_idx]

    @staticmethod
    def trick_winner(trick: List[Card], players: List[Player]) -> Player:
        lead = trick[0].suit
        valid = [
            (c.value, p) for c, p in zip(trick, players) if c.suit == lead
        ]
        return max(valid)[1]

    @staticmethod
    def count_points(tricks: Dict[str, Deck]) -> Dict[str, int]:
        return {n: sum(c.points for c in cards) for n, cards in tricks.items()}


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Read player names from the command line
    player_names = sys.argv[1:]
    game = HeartsGame(*player_names)
    game.play()